Known side effects.
Psychiatry has been hesitant to provide a full account of possible side effects from electroconvulsive therapy and so they are given here.
The following is a list of significant adverse events (side effects) from electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment taken from the FDA Executive Summary, January 27-28, 2011 meeting of the Neurological Devices Panel. 1
adverse reaction to anesthetic agents / neuromuscularBody system of nerves and muscles that permit movement. More blocking agents
cognitionThe mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and unde... More and memory
impairment
general motor dysfunction
neurological symptoms (e.g., paresthesia, dyskinesiasTypes of uncontrolled involuntary, repetitive movements of s... More)
non-convulsive status epilepticusCurrently defined as any seizure greater than 5 minutes and ... More (a prolonged seizure that manifests primarily as altered mental status)
auditory complications
substance abuse
device malfunction (creating potential risks such as excessive dose administration)
adverse skin reactions (e.g., skin burns)
brain injury
physical trauma (i.e., if inadequate
supportive drug treatment is provided to mitigate unconscious violent movements during convulsions) including fractures, contusions, injury from falls, dental or oral injury
tardiveAppearing late, e.g. appearing late in the history of taking... seizures (potentially fatal seizures that occur after the ECT treatment is finished)
pulmonaryRelating to the lungs More complications (e.g.,
aspiration/inhalation of foreign material, pneumoniaA serious illness where infection within the lungs results i... More, hypoxiaInsufficient oxygen in the blood to support the regular func... More, respiratory obstruction such as laryngospasmA condition where the vocal cords in the throat suddenly spa... More, pulmonary embolismA condition where a blood clot gets stuck in a lung artery a... More, prolonged apneaA condition where breathing stops for 20 seconds or longer. More)
onset/exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms
homicidal tendencies
cardiac complications, including arrhythmiaAbnormal heartbeat More,
ischemiaInadequate blood supply to an organ or body part - particula... More/infarction (i.e., heart attack), acute hypertensionHigh blood pressure More, hypotensionLow blood pressure More, and strokeA life-threatening condition resulting from the supply of bl... More
dental/oral trauma
hypomanicDescribing symptoms where a person will exhibit abnormally e... More or manicDescribing behavior consisting of unstable elevated or irrit... More symptoms (e.g., treatment-emergent mania, postictal delirium or excitement)
prolonged seizures
visual disturbance
partial relief of depression enabling completed suicide
coma
falls
death
Known adverse side effects never researched
The FDA Executive Summary, January 27-28, 2011 meeting of the Neurological Devices Panel. Meeting to Discuss the Classification of Electroconvulsive Therapy Devices (ECT) also found significant adverse side effects had never been adequately researched by psychiatry:
- the effect of ECT on the lifespan of the patient.
- sleep disturbances including nightmares.
- visual disturbance i.e. changes in vision, visual impairment or corneal trauma (abrasion).
- auditory complications decreased acuity, hyperacuity, and tinnitus.
- urinary complaints
- substance abuse – increased use
- coma
- homicidal tendencies
Further references:
- FDA Executive Summary. Meeting to Discuss the Classification of Electroconvulsive Therapy Devices (ECT) 2011.
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